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Thanks to Dr. Craig Packer for his incredible insight on the subject of lion sociality.
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References:
[1] https://www.sapiens.org/archaeology/lions-europe/
[2] https://www.su.se/english/news/sparta-the-28-000-year-old-cave-lion-1.566145#:~:text=The%20cave%20lion%20was%20one,extinct%20about%2014%2C000%20years%20ago.
[3] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jmor.21627
[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17552741/
[5] https://cbs.umn.edu/lion-research-center/all-about-lions/frequently-asked-questions
[6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12193785/
[7] https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1500391
[8] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982212000632
[9] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S109564331100033X
[10] https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25479
[11] https://cbs.umn.edu/lion-research-center/all-about-lions/frequently-asked-questions
[12] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/bf00170175
[13] https://cbs.umn.edu/lion-research-center/lion-research/group-living#:~:text=Why%20do%20lions%20live%20in,feed%20better%20in%20larger%20groups.
[14] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003347216000166?via%3d Ihub
[15] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10071-016-1009-y
[16] https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroanatomy/articles/10.3389/fnana.2016.00099/full
[17] https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.0905309106