Find out how DeepMind is working to improve “nowcasting” – https://www.deepmind.com/blog/nowcasting-the-next-hour-of-rain – and learn more about their scholarship program – https://www.deepmind.com/scholarships
There are two types of rain, and one of them is almost impossible to forecast.
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To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:
- Front: a boundary separating air masses of different characteristics, such as air density, wind, temperature, and humidity
- Frontal rainfall: occurs when a warm air mass comes in contact with a colder air mass
- Convectional rainfall: occurs when the sun's energy heats the surface of the Earth, causing water to evaporate to form water vapour
- Nowcasting: weather forecasting limited to periods less than a few hours
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REFERENCES
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Ravuri, S., Lenc, K., Willson, M. et al. (2021) Skilful precipitation nowcasting using deep generative models of radar. Nature 597, 672–677. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03854-z
Simonin D, Pierce C, Roberts N, Ballard SP and Li Z (2017) Performance of Met Office hourly cycling NWP-based nowcasting for precipitation forecasts. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 143 (708): 2862-2873. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3136
Sun J, Xue M, Wilson JW, Zawadzki I, Ballard SP, Onvlee-Hooimeyer J, Joe P, Barker DM, Li P, Golding B, Xu M, & Pinto J (2014). Use of NWP for Nowcasting Convective Precipitation: Recent Progress and Challenges, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 95(3): 409-426. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00263.1
Weckwerth T, Parsons DB, Koch SE, Moore JA, Lemone MA, et al. (2004). An Overview of the International H2O Project (IHOP_2002) and Some Preliminary Highlights. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society 85 (2): 253 - 277. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-85-2-253
Wilson, JW, & Roberts RD (2006). Summary of Convective Storm Initiation and Evolution during IHOP: Observational and Modeling Perspective, Monthly Weather Review, 134(1): 23-47. https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR3069.1
Ye H, Fetzer EJ, Wong S, and Lambrigtsen BH (2017). Rapid decadal convective precipitation increase over Eurasia during the last three decades of the 20th century. Science Advances 3: e1600944. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600944