Why doesn't gold tarnish? A simple answer might be that it's a so-called "noble metal"—its atoms don't like to chemically react with others. But a more complex answer also answers *why* gold atoms are so unreactive. Some of it is due to special relativity, and some is due to a phenomenon called reconstruction.
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Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/e/2PACX-1vTm5pQrbrNpylnuwLf6y9s5ZcL_VMudbX8U4QjldO5yXOuy-14ay4T2ABHjkH8SVsRoM9bS8MiKkraa/pub